Cancers are able to convert extracellular ATP into immunosuppressive adenosine, through the activation of CD39 ectonucleotidase that hydrolyzes ATP to AMP, and a subsequent CD73 enzyme that transforms AMP into adenosine, with the stimulation of adenosine receptors on immune cells activating numerous immunosuppressive effects (Borea et al., 2018; Boison and Yegutkin 2019). The gene discussed is NT5E; the disease is cancer.