Caspase-3 is a key protein involved in cell apoptosis mode and can also be induced by TNF-α (or chemotherapy drugs) triggering cell pyroptosis; instead, in several cancer cells, caspase-3 cleaves GSDME to generate GSDME-N and GSDME-C activating the N-terminal fragment and causing plasma membrane lysis. The gene discussed is CASP3; the disease is cancer.