ICAM1 and COVID-19: Moreover, in severe COVID-19 patients the plasma levels of adhesion molecules such as intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (I-CAM-1), vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1), vascular adhesion protein-1 (VAP-1), were reported to be elevated (Tong et al., 2020; Escher et al., 2020).