TNF and asthma: We then found from Figure 4(c) that the levels of TNF-α, TNFR2, and CCL-9 in the asthma model group increased while the levels of interferon gamma (IFN-γ), IL-1α, intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM-1), and interleukin 4 (IL-4) increased in the Majie cataplasm group, especially IFN-γ and IL-1α.