NEFL and Alzheimer disease: Moreover, neurotoxic amyloid-β (Aβ) aggregates, hyperphosphorylated tau, and neurofilament light chain (NFL), characteristic biomarkers of AD, are found in the central nervous system (CNS) of PWH in a region-specific manner (Andersson et al., 1999; Gelman and Schuenke, 2004; Brew et al., 2005; Green et al., 2005; Ramage et al., 2005; Anthony et al., 2006; Achim et al., 2009; Gisslen et al., 2009; Peterson et al., 2014; McGuire et al., 2015; Krut et al., 2017).