LACTB and type 1 diabetes mellitus: In one of our previous studies (17), we have observed the inverse association between the prevalence of T1D and the utilization of broad-spectrum, beta-lactamase-resistant, combination penicillin (J01CR) in European countries, while the outstanding utilization of narrow-spectrum penicillin (J01CE, CF), particularly in Scandinavian countries, showed a correlation with the higher prevalence of T1D.