AGT and endothelial dysfunction: Likewise, Ang II promotes oxidative stress and endothelial dysfunction via action on AT1R and the downstream phagocytic nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidase (NOX) and reactive oxygen species (ROS) signaling (66), promoting lipid oxidation, macrophage uptake of lipids, and monocyte recruitment, leading to vascular inflammation and atherosclerosis (43, 67) (Figure 1B).