NOX1 and obesity due to melanocortin 4 receptor deficiency: We and others have consistently demonstrated the pathological effects of glucose on the endothelium in obesity, specifically in regards to imbalance of the eNOS/NOX1 axis (Belin de Chantemele and Stepp, 2012; Tsimakouridze et al., 2015; Zhu et al., 2015; Knapp et al., 2019).