HMOX1 and atherosclerosis: This discrepancy in the actions of HO-1 (or CO) has been also described in other pathophysiological scenarios such as vascular inflammation and atherosclerosis (Stocker and Perrella, 2006), cerebral ischaemia (Matsuoka et al., 1999; Terraneo and Samaja, 2017) and cancer (Szabo, 2016).