In vitro mRNA transcription was performed to characterize histone variant distribution in human embryonic stem cells.494 Researchers have successfully transdifferentiated insulin-producing cells to treat diabetes by using in vitro duodenal transcription factor 1 mRNA to transform the mouse pancreas into mesenchymal stem cells.432 Recently, HIV-1 Tat mRNA was delivered into bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs), confirming the inhibitory effect of HIV-1 Tat protein on the hematopoietic support function of hBMSCs.495. This evidence concerns the gene TAT and diabetes mellitus.