F8 and hemophilia: LNPs encapsulated mRNAs encoding different FVIII variants (F8 LNP) had rapid induction and durable FVIII expression in hemophilia A mice.431 FIX mRNA was delivered to FIX-knockout mice by using a series of lipidoids named TTs (corresponding lipid-like nanoparticles named TT-LLNs), which restored FIX function in FIX-knockout mice.432 Termed lipid-enabled LUNAR LNPs encapsulating hFIX mRNA were developed to treat hemophilia B mice, contributing to a rapid pulse of FIX within 4–6 h and a stable duration for up to 4–6 days.433