Although both canagliflozin33,48,49, dapagliflozin33, empagliflozin50, and ipragliflozin51 have been shown to reduce breast cancer cell division in vitro under high glucose conditions, the efficacy of any SGLT2 inhibitor has rarely been examined in vitro in glucose and insulin concentrations within the physiologic range. The gene discussed is INS; the disease is breast carcinoma.