Interestingly, in our orthotopic HNSCC model, we found that TRIM24 expression is high in HNSCC cells but not in tumour-infiltrating T lymphocytes (Fig. 5f, g), suggesting the potential of targeting TRIM24 to modulate STAT1 signalling specifically in HNSCC cells but not T cells. This evidence concerns the gene TRIM24 and head and neck squamous cell carcinoma.