PIK3CA and cancer: GSVA revealed that immune activation-associated hallmarks such as the IFN-gamma/alpha response; allograft rejection and inflammatory response; classical carcinogenic activation pathways including the PI3K-AKT-mTOR, KRAS, and TNF signaling pathways; and cancer malignancy phenotypes like glycolysis, epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), angiogenesis, and hypoxia were significantly enriched in the LGG FR2 subgroup (Figure 3(i)).