However, because ZSF1 rats were constructed by crossing leptin non-hypertensive Zucker diabetic obese female rats (ZDF, +/FA) and leptin spontaneous hypertensive male rats with HF (SHHF/MCC, +/FACP), the ZSF1 rats had no ability to reproduce, which limited the generalization of this model. Here, LEP is linked to hydrops fetalis.