The KEGG enrichment result indicated that the genes were mostly enriched in AGE-RAGE signaling pathway in diabetic complications (hsa04933), lipid atherosclerosis (hsa05417), fluid shear stress and atherosclerosis (hsa05418) and PI3K-Akt signaling pathway (hsa04151), as shown in the Fig. 4B. And the detailed information about PI3K-Akt signaling pathway related to DR was displayed in the Fig. 5. This evidence concerns the gene AKT1 and atherosclerosis.