Patients with CVID had higher proportion of CD8 T cells than healthy controls (HD) in the peripheral blood (Fig. 1C) (Welch’s ANOVA p = 0.008, unpaired t tests with Welch’s correction) (CD4:8 ratio in Figure S2), with a shift from naïve (CD45RA+CCR7+) towards effector memory (EM, CD45RA−CCR7−) and terminal effector memory cells (TEMRA, CD45RA+CCR7−) stages (Fig. 1D). This evidence concerns the gene CD8A and common variable immunodeficiency.