Reinforcing the notion that the cellular immunity is altered in patients with complicated form of CVID, our group previously noted a shift towards IFN-γ-producing Th1 memory and follicular helper T cells [8], a finding which extended from peripheral blood into tissues like the lung and bronchoalveolar fluid of CVID patients with ILD [9] and the gastrointestinal tract [10]. This evidence concerns the gene IFNG and common variable immunodeficiency.