PDPN and neoplasm: Consistently, flow cytometric analysis showed that Cal@MPs and Cal/ICG@MPs significantly decreased the numbers of CAFs, namely podoplanin (PDPN)+CD140α+CD45−EpCAM−CD31−cells (Fig. 4c and Supplementary Fig. 18a) or PDPN+α-SMA+CD45−EpCAM−CD31−cells (Supplementary Fig. 18a, b), in tumor tissues compared with PBS group although the numbers of PDPN+α-SMA−CD45−EpCAM−CD31− cells also decreased (Supplementary Fig. 18a, c).