Guided by our transcriptomic results indicating that a critical subset of inflammatory mediators are controlled by CASP11 (Fig. 2F), we measured levels of CXCL1, IL-1β, and IL-6 by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) in lung homogenates from infected animals at 2 and 4 d after infection (Fig. 3 C and D). This evidence concerns the gene SCAF11 and infection.