VEGFA and inflammatory bowel disease: However, during chronic inflammation, VEGF stimulates angiogenesis and edema and induces Th2 and eosinophilic inflammation, mucous metaplasia, subepithelial fibrosis, myocyte proliferation, and dendritic cell activation, which is a sign of asthma exacerbation and can be used as a target for treating lung diseases and inflammatory bowel diseases [79–82].