NFE2L2 and asthma: Indeed, bakkenolide B inhibited lipopolysaccharide-induced pro-inflammatory cytokines via activated protein kinase (AMPK) / nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) signaling in microglia (36, 37), and the anti-allergic and anti-inflammatory effects of bakkenolide B were independently confirmed in an ovalbumin-induced asthma model in which bakkenolide B strongly inhibited the accumulation of eosinophils, macrophages and lymphocytes in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (38).