Previous evidence indicates that the RING-domain E3 ubiquitin ligases including Cullin-RING E3 ligase complexes such as SCF complex (SKP1, Cullin and F-box protein), the APC/C complex, as well as monomeric XIAP, MDM2, MUL-1, Pirh2, and SIAH2 may all be associated with ovarian cancer chemoresistance. The gene discussed is MDM2; the disease is ovarian cancer.