GCG and osteoporosis: In the femur of the ZDF rats and their osteoblasts, we found that the expression of AGEs-modified albumin was up-regulated, resultantly inducing the differentiation of osteoblastic, while GLP-1 could reverse that, which suggested that GLP-1 may attenuate AGEs-mediated ROS damages in diabetes-associated osteoporosis through the RAGE pathway.