GDNF and multiple system atrophy: Intriguingly, SSRIs may also have a disease-modifying effect in MSA by increasing levels of glial-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) [31], which represent neurotrophic factors playing an important role in neuroprotection, and by reducing inflammation-mediated neurodegenerative processes [32].