The losses from human RNAs were determined by a comparative analysis of DRS data sets derived from HSV-1-infected fibroblasts and IVT RNAs representing the human gamma actin (ACTG1), while the loss of modified ribonucleotides from the viral RNAs was determined by a comparative analysis of infections of normal human dermal fibroblasts (NHDFs) with an HSV-1 wild type or an ICP27 null mutant. The gene discussed is ACTG1; the disease is infection.