Differential expression analysis of TPD52, PKCε, KLF14 and miRNA 124 in brain cancer subtypes: astrocytomas, glioblastomas, and oligodendrogliomas revealed that the expression of TPD52 and PKCε was up regulated in glioblastomas compared to astrocytomas and oligodendrogliomas (Fig. 6A and B). Here, PRKCE is linked to astrocytoma (excluding glioblastoma).