To further confirm the role of IGF-1 in the mPFC in the antidepressant-like actions of ketamine, we examined whether intra-mPFC infusion of IGF-1 nAb 2 h after ketamine injection can reverse depression-like behaviors induced by LPS challenge in the TST and FST (Fig. 6a). The gene discussed is IGF1; the disease is depressive symptom measurement.