Beyond its role in tumor angiogenesis, VEGFA is also involved in immunomodulation within the TME (Apte et al., 2019; De Palma, Biziato, & Petrova, 2017; Elamin, Rafee, Toomey, & Hennessy, 2015; Fukumura, Kloepper, Amoozgar, Duda, & Jain, 2018; Huang et al., 2018; Lee, Yang, Chon, & Kim, 2020; Motz & Coukos, 2011). Here, VEGFA is linked to neoplasm.