Using melanoma and triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) human cancer cell lines xenografted into NSG mice that were immune reconstituted using HLA-matched human bone marrow cells, Ravi et al. reported enhanced antitumor activity of CTLA4-TβRII trap over anti-CTLA4 monotherapy, a non-specific TGF-β-trap, as well as their combination. The gene discussed is TGFB1; the disease is cancer.