The eight pathways include mismatch repair (MMR), base-excision repair (BER), nucleotide-excision repair (NER), homologous-recombination repair (HRR), non-homologous end joining (NHEJ), check point factors (CPAs), Fanconi anemia (FA), and translesion DNA synthesis (TLS).16–20 The HRR and NHEJ pathways are responsible for DSBs, BER repairs single-strand breaks (SSBs),21 and the MMR pathway repairs DNA insertion/deletion corrections.22 The gene discussed is MRC1; the disease is Friedreich ataxia.