In cerebral ischemia, deacetylation of FoxO3a by SIRT3 causes the translocation of FoxO3a into the nucleus and enhancement of FoxO3a-dependent antioxidant protection associated with the activation of catalase and superoxide dismutase 2 (SOD2) (Yin et al., 2015). The gene discussed is SIRT3; the disease is brain ischemia.