PTEN and medulloblastoma: The use of appropriate targeted therapies for patients with specific genetic mutations is one direction of research for molecular therapy of medulloblastoma, Patients with phosphatase and tensin homologous (PTEN) or mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) or PIK3CA-activated mutations, for example, were given PI3K or mTOR inhibitors, while patients with BRAF V600E mutations were given BRAF inhibitors.