A high-fat diet can increase the expression of TNF-α mRNA in the ileum of SPF mice, activate the NF-κB EGFP pathway in intestinal epithelial cells, immune cells and endothelial cells, and increase the number of lipopolysaccharide-producing bacteria to induce excessive LPS entry into the circulatory system, resulting in endotoxemia and promoting the intestinal inflammatory response, insulin resistance and other metabolic abnormalities. This evidence concerns the gene TNF and serum lipopolysaccharide activity.