NSUN2 and its reading protein Y-box binding protein 1 (YBX-1) are highly expressed in human urothelial carcinoma of the bladder (UCB) and act as oncogenes in an m5C-dependent manner, promoting the development of UCB by increasing the mRNA stability of heparin-binding growth factor (HDGF) (7, 11). This evidence concerns the gene HDGF and bladder transitional cell carcinoma.