EGFR and esophageal squamous cell carcinoma: In the phase III AIO/EORTC clinical trial conducted by M. Moehler and colleagues, they found that the use of panitumumab (an anti-EGFR antibody) combined with cisplatin and 5-fluorouracil did not improve survival compared to unselected advanced ESCC patients who received 5-fluorouracil alone (20).