ECM1 and cholangiocarcinoma: Recent studies have detected ECM1 overexpression in bladder cancer (5), glioblastoma (6), thyroid cancer (7), cholangiocarcinoma (8), and other epithelial malignancies (9), and the overexpression of ECM1 has also been shown to be related to the poor prognosis of cancer patients, such as pancreatic cancer (10), breast cancer (11), gastric cancer (12) and hepatocellular cancer patients (13).