The role of emotional deprivation in growth hormone secretion is well-established, from the initial observation that emotional deprivation and growth retardation simulate hypopituitarism (27), to studies of GH levels before and during catch-up growth in emotional deprivation and shorter stature (28) and up to a recent study showing growth failure associated with early neglect in United States children and international adoptees (29). This evidence concerns the gene GH1 and hypopituitarism.