NLRP3 and cryopyrin-associated periodic syndrome: Cryopyrin-associated periodic syndrome (CAPS) is a rare, heterogenous inflammasomopathy associated with gain-of-function or de novo mutations in NLRP3 that encodes a protein which is known as NLRP3 or cryopyrin, a regulatory protein in interleukin-1 inflammasome (50) (Figure 1).