CCR5 and Stroke: CCR5 knockdown induces upregulation of CREB and downstream proteins, such as dual-leucine zipper kinase proteins, in the premotor cortex, which may help preserve the dendritic spine in the early stages of stroke, induce axonal sprouting in the contralateral cortex, improve remapping of damaged sensory and injured motor circuits, and stimulate the creation of new links in these circuits (Joy et al., 2019).