Notably, CCR5 promotes tumor cell proliferation mechanisms, including the Jak-STAT or the MAPK/ERK signaling pathway leading to upregulation of cyclin expression and the PI-3K pathway resulting in the proliferation of progenitor and stem cells when the serine/threonine kinase protein kinase B (AKT) and PDK1 increase. This evidence concerns the gene AKT1 and neoplasm.