HMGB1 has been implicated in a variety of inflammatory conditions including sepsis, inflammatory bowel disease, pancreatitis, acute lung injury, rheumatoid arthritis, hemorrhagic shock lacking infection, traumatic brain injury, stroke, depression, and ischemia-reperfusion injury (Wang et al., 1999; O’Connor et al., 2003; Yang and Tracey, 2010; Lian et al., 2017). This evidence concerns the gene HMGB1 and infection.