For example, Kavallaris et al. (1997) reported that, while the level of individual β-tubulin isotypes remained the same in normal ovary and primary untreated ovarian tumours, analysis of ovarian carcinoma specimens from the same patient before and after chemotherapy revealed that TUBB3 and TUBB2C gene expression increased significantly in Taxol-resistant tumours post-treatment (Kavallaris et al., 1997). The gene discussed is TUBB3; the disease is ovarian carcinoma.