Using an NGS panel of 483 genes they have shown that somatic alteration could be detected in cfDNA in genes involved in traditional cancer-related pathways: PI3K-Akt/mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling, genes encoding proteoglycans or focal adhesion molecules, genes involved in FoxO signaling, chemokine signaling pathways, or Janus kinase - signal transducer and activator of transcription protein (JAK-STAT) signaling. Here, MTOR is linked to cancer.