However, emerging evidence has demonstrated that serum albumin is inversely correlated with proinflammatory cytokines in PD patients and that inflammatory cytokines such as TNF-α and IL-6 may suppress albumin synthesis, suggesting hypoalbuminemia is attributable more to systemic inflammation than to malnutrition in patients undergoing PD (18, 19). This evidence concerns the gene TNF and Hypoalbuminemia.