TTR and amyloidosis: Hereditary amyloidosis comprises a group of disease related to gene mutations in the coding regions of transthyretin, fibrinogen Aα chain, apolipoprotein A-I, apolipoprotein A-II, apolipoprotein C-II, apolipoprotein C-III, gelsolin, cystatin C and lysozyme. Among them, transthyretin-derived ATTR amyloidosis presents with polyneuropathy and/or cardiomyopathy, while fibrinogen A alpha-chain amyloidosis (AFib amyloidosis) presents with nephropathy typically.