In this review, we focused on recent studies on the underlying intercellular and intracellular mechanisms through which Trx1 regulates immune cells in response to allergic inflammatory diseases, such as allergic asthma, food and drug allergies, contact dermatitis, and allergic rhinitis (AR), as well as identifying the potential Trx-based therapeutic strategies for treating allergic diseases. The gene discussed is TXN; the disease is allergic rhinitis.