For example, E. gallinarum, a pathobiont associated with SLE autoimmunity and autoantibody responses against various SLE and APS-relevant autoantigens, such as RNA, double-stranded DNA and β2GPI, has been detected in gut-distal organs of patients, suggesting a role for bacterial translocation in this process (59). The gene discussed is APOH; the disease is autoimmune polyendocrinopathy.