We have reported previously that in ME-49-infected female C57BL/6 mice, upregulation of intracerebral levels of TNF, MIP1α/CCL3, MIP1β/CCL4, RANTES/CCL5 and MCP-1/CCL2 precedes the onset of neuroinflammation and persisted after the establishment of behavioral alterations anxiety, depressive-like behavior and hyperactivity (22). The gene discussed is CCL4; the disease is Anxiety.