CD4 and B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia: Regarding granzymes, a recent report on CLL patients with durable responses to CD19-specific CAR T-cell therapy showed decade-long persistence of a highly activated CD4 T-cell population displaying upregulation of granzyme K and its closest homologue, granzyme A. These 2 genes were among the top 4 genes mostly upregulated in the CAR CD4 T cells.