It was also confirmed that IL-6, JAK1, and STAT3 mRNA and protein were significantly highly expressed in COPD rats, indicating that the occurrence and development of COPD were closely related to the continuous activation and overexpression of JAK1/STAT3 and abnormal signal transduction pathways in lung tissues, and the activation level of STAT3 was closely and positively correlated to IL-6. This evidence concerns the gene STAT3 and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.