Herein, the activation of the TGF-β/Smad pathway and subsequent phosphorylation of Smad proteins were impaired by HOXC6 silencing, suggesting that HOXC6 exerts its regulatory effect on the migrative and invasive capacity of glioma cells by promoting the activation of the TGF-β/Smad pathway. This evidence concerns the gene TGFB1 and central nervous system cancer.