IFNG and non-small cell lung carcinoma: Previous studies have reported a positive association between IFN-γ and PD-L1 at the mRNA level (Hayano et al., 2017), and a high expression of tumoral IFN-γ mRNA was associated with a good response to the PD-L1 inhibitor durvalumab in non–small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients; the ORR in IFN-γ–positive patients reached 33%, while it was 8% in IFN-γ–negative patients, and the highest ORR (46%) was observed in cases with a coexisting positive expression of IFN-γ and PD-L1 (Higgs et al., 2015).