LPA and atherosclerosis: The risk of ASCVD or mortality of relatives of patients with FH was also highest in relatives with both FH and hyper-Lp(a) (HR 4.40) than in those with FH alone (HR 2.47), and hyper-Lp(a) alone (HR 3.17) when compared with individuals with neither disorder (Figure 1) (Ellis et al., 2019).